Now, both White's bishops are reduced to defence, and White's queen is reduced to passivity at the a2-square to defend the pawns on a3 and c4. An example of Black's strategy carried out successfully is the game Mikhail BotvinnikвЂ“ Samuel Reshevsky from the 1948 World Chess Championship, which reached the position in the diagram after White's 24th move.Д®arlier in the game, Reshevsky was able to block White's kingside attack by playing. To this end, Black must blockade the white pawn centre from advancing and neutralise White's attacking chances on the kingside. Black will aim to close the position to reduce the scope of White's bishops. As dynamic compensation, they often double White's c-pawns, which represent a static weakness, and gains play against the central light squares d5 and e4, even in those instances where White is able to recapture with a piece after. In the Nimzo-Indian, Black is generally prepared to concede the bishop pair by playing Bxc3. White often plays 3.g3 or 3.Nf3 to avoid the Nimzo-Indian, allowing him to meet 3.Nf3 Bb4+ (the Bogo-Indian Defence) with 4.Bd2 or 4.Nbd2, rather than 4.Nc3. The Nimzo-Indian is a highly respected defence to 1.d4, is played at all levels and has been played by every world champion since Capablanca. It can also transpose into lines of the Queen's Gambit or Queen's Indian Defence. White will attempt to create a pawn centre and develop their pieces to prepare for an assault on the Black position.Д«lack's delay in committing to a pawn structure makes the Nimzo-Indian (sometimes colloquially referred to as the 'Nimzo') a very flexible defence to 1.d4. By pinning White's knight, Black prevents the threatened 4.e4 and seeks to inflict doubled pawns on White. Unlike most Indian openings, the Nimzo-Indian does not involve an immediate fianchetto, although Black often follows up with. This hypermodern opening was developed by Aron Nimzowitsch who introduced it to master-level chess in the early 20th century.

In the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings, the Nimzo-Indian is classified as E20вЂ“E59. Other move orders, such as 1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.d4 Bb4, are also feasible.

The Nimzo-Indian Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves:

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